Search
Close this search box.

1. Title: UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership – What Does It Mean For Investors?

Published by Jerry
Edited: 2 months ago
Published: September 27, 2024
10:29

UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership UBS, the global financial services giant, recently announced its entry into the Indian market with a new wealth management partnership . The Swiss banking major has collaborated with L&T Finance Holdings Ltd., a leading Indian non-banking financial services company, to offer

1. Title: UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

Quick Read

UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership

UBS, the global financial services giant, recently announced its entry into the Indian market with a new

wealth management partnership

. The Swiss banking major has collaborated with L&T Finance Holdings Ltd., a leading Indian non-banking financial services company, to offer wealth management solutions to high net worth individuals and families in India. This strategic move marks UBS’s

expansion into an untapped market

with significant growth potential.

Implications for Investors

The partnership will bring a number of benefits to Indian investors. With UBS’s entry into the market, Indian high net worth individuals will now have access to world-class wealth management services. UBS is known for its expertise in providing customized investment solutions, financial planning, and succession planning. The partnership will enable Indian investors to tap into UBS’s global network and resources, thus offering them a wider investment opportunity set.

Global Exposure, Local Knowledge

The collaboration between UBS and L&T Finance Holdings is an interesting blend of global expertise and local knowledge. While UBS brings its wealth management capabilities and global perspective, L&T Finance Holdings offers a deep understanding of the Indian market and regulatory landscape. This combination is expected to create a robust platform for serving the needs of high net worth Indian investors effectively.

A Timely Move

The entry of UBS into the Indian market comes at an opportune time. With India’s economy growing at a rapid pace and the number of high net worth individuals on the rise, there is a significant demand for world-class wealth management services. UBS’s partnership with L&T Finance Holdings is well positioned to cater to this growing demand and tap into the untapped potential of the Indian market.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

Long Paragraph About Assistance

In today’s fast-paced world, we often find ourselves struggling to manage our daily tasks, leaving us feeling overwhelmed and stressed. This is where the concept of assistance comes in, offering a helping hand to those who need it most. Assistance can take many forms, from simple tasks like answering a phone call or preparing a meal, to more complex activities such as providing emotional support or professional guidance.

Personal Assistance

Personal assistance refers to help provided in one’s personal life. For example, a personal assistant might help with errands such as grocery shopping or dry cleaning, managing appointments, paying bills, or even organizing one’s home. Personal assistance can be especially valuable for individuals with disabilities, older adults, or those with busy schedules.

Professional Assistance

Professional assistance refers to help provided in a business or work context. A professional assistant might perform administrative tasks, manage emails and calendars, conduct research, prepare reports, or even schedule meetings and travel arrangements. Professional assistance is often used by executives, entrepreneurs, and other busy professionals to help them manage their workload and increase productivity.

Virtual Assistance

With the advent of technology, virtual assistance has become increasingly popular. Virtual assistants are remote workers who provide assistance through digital channels such as email, chat, or phone. Virtual assistance can include tasks such as data entry, customer service, social media management, content creation, and more. Virtual assistants offer flexibility, convenience, and cost savings compared to hiring a traditional assistant.

Emotional Assistance

Emotional assistance refers to help provided to address emotional needs. This can include things like listening and offering support, providing encouragement, or helping someone work through difficult emotions. Emotional assistance is often provided by mental health professionals, counselors, or therapists, but it can also come from friends, family members, or even trained animals. Emotional assistance is crucial for maintaining good mental health and overall well-being.

Conclusion

In conclusion, assistance comes in many forms and can make a significant difference in our lives. Whether it’s personal or professional, virtual or emotional, assistance can help us manage our tasks, increase productivity, and improve our overall well-being. By recognizing the value of assistance and seeking it out when we need it, we can reduce stress, save time, and live more fulfilling lives.

UBS: A Leading Global Financial Services Company

UBS, the Swiss global financial services company with over 150 years of experience, is renowned for its expertise in wealth management, investment banking, and asset management. UBS’s strong global presence spans over 50 countries with more than 60,000 employees, providing services to clients worldwide.

UBS’s New Wealth Management Partnership in India

In an announcement that has sparked significant interest, UBS unveiled plans to enter the Indian market through a new wealth management partnership with India’s leading financial services company, HDFC Bank. This strategic move is expected to enhance UBS’s presence in the Asia Pacific region and strengthen its global network.

Implications for UBS

This partnership offers several benefits to UBS. It provides a platform to expand its footprint in the Indian market, which is considered one of the fastest-growing economies globally. Moreover, it offers an opportunity for UBS to tap into India’s vast pool of high net worth individuals and families.

Implications for the Indian Market

The entry of UBS into the Indian market could potentially bring about several positive changes. Firstly, it may lead to increased competition among financial services companies in India. Secondly, it could result in innovative wealth management solutions tailored to the Indian market. Lastly, this partnership may attract more international investors to India and boost the country’s financial sector.

Background:

UBS:

UBS, Union Bank of Switzerland, is a Swiss global financial services company. Established in 1862, it is Switzerland’s largest bank and a leading player in global markets. UBS provides various financial services including investment banking, asset management, wealth management, and private banking to clients around the world. The bank operates through a network of offices in over 50 countries.

Global Markets:

The Global Markets division of UBS is a significant part of the bank’s business, responsible for providing various financial services to institutional and corporate clients. This division focuses on trading in

interest rates

,

currencies

,

commodities

, and

equities

. It operates in major financial centers worldwide, including London, New York, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Singapore.

Historical Significance:

UBS has had a significant impact on the global financial markets. The bank played a crucial role in the

Eurobond market

, which allowed borrowers to issue bonds denominated in a currency other than their own, typically the US dollar or the Deutsche Mark. UBS was also one of the first banks to enter the

derivatives market

, offering options and futures on various financial instruments. In 2015, UBS agreed to pay $1.2 billion to settle allegations that it manipulated the

Libor benchmark interest rate

, reflecting the bank’s involvement in one of the biggest scandals in the history of global markets.

Recent Developments:

In recent years, UBS has been focusing on reducing its risk exposure and strengthening its capital position. The bank has divested from non-core businesses, such as its stake in Dresdner Bank and its retail operations in the United States. UBS has also been investing in digital technologies to improve efficiency and enhance customer experience. Despite these efforts, UBS continues to face challenges in the global markets, including increased competition, regulatory scrutiny, and economic uncertainty.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

UBS’s Global Presence and Success: Trends, Challenges, and Expansion into New Markets

UBS, the Swiss global financial services company, has established a significant presence in various international markets over the past few decades. With more than 70,000 employees and operations in link, UBS has become a leading player in the global financial sector. However,

recent trends and challenges

have made it necessary for UBS to adapt and innovate to maintain its competitive edge.

One of the most significant trends

facing UBS and other financial institutions

is the increasing importance of digital transformation. Customers are demanding more personalized services, faster responses, and greater convenience. In response, UBS has invested heavily in technology to improve its digital capabilities, including link and launching new digital initiatives, such as link and

robo-advisory services

.

Another trend impacting UBS is the shifting

geopolitical landscape

. Brexit, trade tensions between the US and China, and political instability in some regions have created uncertainty and volatility. UBS has responded by strengthening its risk management capabilities and expanding its presence in link, where the growth potential is significant.

The

reasons for UBS’s expansion into new regions like India

are varied. One reason is to tap into the growing middle class and wealth market in these countries. According to a report by link, the number of millionaires in India is expected to increase from 340,000 in 2018 to over 5 million by 2025. Another reason is to diversify its revenue streams and mitigate risks associated with economic downturns in mature markets.

In conclusion, UBS’s global presence and success are underpinned by its ability to adapt to changing trends and challenges. By investing in technology, strengthening risk management capabilities, and expanding into new markets, UBS is well-positioned to capture growth opportunities and maintain its competitive edge.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

I Partnership Details: Wealth Management in India

Wealth Management in India has seen a significant surge in popularity over the past decade, with more and more individuals and institutions recognizing the value of professional financial guidance. In this section, we will delve into the intricacies of Partnership Details for setting up a Wealth Management business in India.

Registration and Licensing

The first step towards establishing a Wealth Management business in India involves registration and licensing. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulatory body responsible for overseeing all aspects of the securities market, including Wealth Management. A Certifying Authority needs to issue a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for online applications to SEBI. The next step is registering with the KYC Registry to obtain a PAN and Aadhaar number for each of the partners. After this, an application must be submitted to SEBI along with the necessary documents for registration as a Registered Investment Advisor (RIA).

Setting Up the Business

Once the registration process is complete, the next step involves setting up the business. This includes deciding on a business model, such as sole proprietorship, partnership, LLP or company, and registering with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) for the chosen business structure. Additionally, opening a corporate bank account is essential to manage client funds.

Business Model and Revenue Streams

A Wealth Management business in India can operate on various models, such as fee-based or commission-based. The choice depends on the target clientele and the desired revenue streams. Fee-based models can provide a stable income with predictable growth, while commission-based models offer high earnings potential but come with increased risks and compliance requirements.

Compliance and Ongoing Requirements

In the Wealth Management industry in India, compliance is key. SEBI sets strict guidelines for RIAs to adhere to. These include maintaining accurate records, disclosing client information, and following ethical practices. Regular reporting and auditing are also necessary to ensure ongoing compliance with regulatory requirements.

Marketing and Client Acquisition

Marketing and client acquisition are crucial for any Wealth Management business in India. Building a strong brand identity, networking within the industry, leveraging digital marketing channels, and providing exceptional customer service are all effective strategies for attracting and retaining clients.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

New Partnership Announcement: Collaboration Between XYZ Inc. and ABC Corp.

Description of the New Partnership:

Structure: XYZ Inc., a leading global technology company, and ABC Corp., a renowned healthcare solutions provider, have announced a new strategic partnership. This collaboration will combine XYZ’s technological expertise with ABC’s industry knowledge to create innovative healthcare technology solutions. The partnership is expected to span across research and development, marketing, and sales.

Scope: The new partnership will focus on developing advanced healthcare technology solutions, including AI-powered diagnostic tools and telehealth applications. By leveraging each other’s strengths, the companies aim to revolutionize the healthcare industry and provide better patient care.

Key Players Involved and Their Roles

XYZ Inc:

CEO (John Doe): Will lead the partnership and drive the strategic direction of the collaboration.

CTO (Jane Smith): Will oversee the technology development and integration aspects of the partnership.

ABC Corp:

CEO (Mark Johnson): Will provide industry insights and contribute to the strategic direction of the partnership.

COO (Emily Davis): Will manage the day-to-day operations and collaboration between the teams.

Financial Commitment and Expectations

XYZ Inc:

Has committed an initial investment of $50 million towards the collaboration and is expected to generate significant returns through increased revenue and market share in the healthcare sector.

ABC Corp:

Will bring its expertise and industry knowledge to the partnership, contributing $30 million initially towards research and development efforts. The company expects the collaboration to lead to improved patient care and enhanced brand reputation in the healthcare industry.

Conclusion:

This new partnership between XYZ Inc. and ABC Corp. represents a significant step forward in the healthcare technology industry. By combining their expertise, resources, and innovative thinking, both companies aim to create advanced solutions that will revolutionize patient care.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

Indian Market: Current Landscape and Opportunities

The Indian market is currently witnessing an unprecedented growth trajectory, fueled by a young and growing population, increasing disposable income, and a surge in digital adoption. With a population of over 1.3 billion people, India is the world’s second-largest populous country, and its economy is projected to become the third largest by 2030. The Indian middle class, which comprises around 40% of the population, is expanding rapidly, leading to a significant increase in consumer spending across various sectors.

Demographic Dividend

India’s demographic dividend, with over 65% of the population below the age of 35, presents a massive opportunity for businesses looking to tap into this vast and growing consumer base. The Indian government’s initiatives like “Make in India”, “Digital India,” and “Skill India” are aimed at attracting foreign investment, promoting digital adoption, and developing a skilled workforce, respectively.

Digital Transformation

The digital transformation in India has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 50 crore Indians using digital platforms for various transactions. This has led to a surge in demand for digital services and solutions across sectors like e-commerce, fintech, education, and health. According to a recent report by Google, India’s digital economy is expected to reach $1 trillion by 2025, creating ample opportunities for businesses.

Regulatory Landscape

The regulatory landscape in India is becoming increasingly conducive to business growth, with the government announcing several policy reforms aimed at easing doing business. For instance, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) has streamlined the resolution process for troubled companies, while the Competition Act has been amended to enhance competition and promote a more open market.

Challenges

Despite these opportunities, there are several challenges that businesses operating in India need to be aware of. These include complex regulations, bureaucracy, infrastructure gaps, and a high level of competition. However, with the right strategy, businesses can navigate these challenges and tap into the vast potential that the Indian market offers.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

Indian Financial Services Sector:

The Indian financial services sector has witnessed significant growth over the last few decades, with a robust economy and increasing financial inclusion. One of the sub-segments that have gained considerable attention is wealth management. With a growing population and increasing disposable income, the demand for wealth management services has been on a steady rise.

Middle Class Population and Disposable Income:

The Indian middle class, which currently represents around 32% of the total population, is projected to increase to over 50% by 2030. This demographic shift, coupled with rising disposable income and financial literacy, has led to an unprecedented surge in the demand for various financial products and services, including wealth management.

Market Size, Growth Rate, and Competition:

According to a recent report, the Indian wealth management market size was estimated at USD 1 trillion in 2020 and is projected to reach USD 3.5 trillion by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 17% during the forecast period. The competition within this sector is fierce, with domestic and international players vying for market share. Key players include ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, SBI, and Reliance Nippon Life Asset Management Company, among others.

Impact on Investors: Opportunities and Risks

Impact on Investors: The advent of blockchain technology has brought about a paradigm shift in various sectors, including finance and investment. This revolutionary technology offers numerous opportunities for investors, but it also comes with its unique set of risks. Let’s explore both sides of the coin in detail.

Opportunities:

Decentralization: One of the most significant opportunities for investors is the decentralized nature of blockchain. This feature allows individuals to invest and transact without intermediaries, thereby reducing transaction costs and increasing efficiency. Moreover, it provides investors with greater control over their assets.

Security:

Another attractive aspect for investors is the security offered by blockchain technology. The use of cryptography ensures that transactions are secure and tamper-proof, significantly reducing the risk of fraud and data breaches.

Diversification:

Investors also stand to benefit from diversification opportunities. With the rise of various cryptocurrencies and blockchain projects, investors can allocate resources across a wider range of assets, potentially reducing overall risk and increasing returns.

Transparency:

Blockchain technology offers transparency, enabling investors to access real-time information about transactions and investments. This transparency fosters trust and accountability within the investment community, making it an attractive proposition for many investors.

Risks:

Despite these opportunities, investing in blockchain technology comes with its share of risks. Here are some of the primary concerns:

Volatility:

The most apparent risk for investors is the volatility of cryptocurrencies and other blockchain assets. Due to their high price swings, these assets can pose significant risks for investors seeking capital preservation or stable returns.

Regulatory Uncertainty:

Another significant risk is the regulatory uncertainty surrounding blockchain and cryptocurrencies. As governments grapple with how to classify and regulate these assets, investors may face ambiguous or inconsistent regulations that could impact their investments.

Technical Complexity:

The technical complexity of blockchain technology can also pose a challenge for investors. Understanding the underlying technology, as well as the risks and rewards associated with various projects, requires a high level of expertise and time investment.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

UBS‘s entry into the Indian market presents potential benefits for investors in various ways. One of the most significant advantages is the

improved access to financial services and investment opportunities

. With UBS’s presence in India, international investors will have easier access to a diverse range of investment instruments that were previously inaccessible. Furthermore, UBS’s expertise and experience in global markets can provide valuable insights into Indian economic trends and investment opportunities.

Another advantage is the potential for

diversification of investment portfolios

. India’s economy has been growing steadily, and its large population presents a significant consumer base for various industries. By investing in the Indian market through UBS, investors can diversify their portfolios and potentially mitigate risk associated with overexposure to any single market.

However, it is essential to acknowledge the

possible risks

that come with UBS’s entry into the Indian market. One of the primary concerns is the regulatory challenges that UBS may face. India has strict regulations regarding foreign investment, and any violation can lead to significant penalties or even expulsion from the market.

Furthermore,

political instability

and economic volatility are significant risks that cannot be overlooked. India’s political climate can change rapidly, leading to policy uncertainty and potential regulatory challenges. Additionally, the Indian economy has experienced volatility in the past, with significant fluctuations in currency value and stock market performance.

In conclusion, UBS’s entry into the Indian market presents both opportunities and challenges for investors. The potential benefits, such as improved access to financial services and investment opportunities, as well as diversification of investment portfolios, make it an attractive proposition for many. However, investors must also be aware of the potential risks and challenges, including regulatory hurdles, political instability, and economic volatility.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

VI. Expert Opinions: Perspectives from the Financial Community

The financial community, comprised of seasoned investors, financial analysts, and economists, plays a pivotal role in shaping the narrative surrounding cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Their expert opinions are closely watched by both retail and institutional investors, influencing investment decisions and market trends.

Impact on Market Trends

Financial experts’ opinions can significantly influence market trends. For instance, a bullish statement from a renowned financial analyst could lead to a surge in Bitcoin’s price due to increased buying interest. Conversely, a bearish prediction might result in sell-offs and price declines as investors rush to exit positions.

Role in Institutional Adoption

Institutional adoption of cryptocurrencies is another area where expert opinions from the financial community hold great weight. Positive views from influential investors can encourage more institutions to invest in Bitcoin and other digital currencies, further legitimizing them as a mainstream asset class.

Regulatory Perspectives

Regulations

Another crucial aspect where financial experts’ opinions matter is on regulatory issues. Their understanding of the legal landscape and potential future developments can help investors navigate the complex world of cryptocurrency regulations.

Michael Saylor: A Pioneering Voice

Michael Saylor, CEO of MicroStrategy, has been a pioneering voice in the financial community advocating for Bitcoin adoption. His company holds a substantial amount of Bitcoin on its balance sheet and has influenced many other corporations to do the same.

“Bitcoin is digital gold – it’s a better form of gold for various reasons. One reason is that gold is not programmable, but Bitcoin is. Gold does not have any utility as a medium of exchange and unit of account, but Bitcoin does.”

– Michael Saylor

Saylor’s bold stance has influenced many investors to view Bitcoin not just as a speculative asset but also as a store of value and digital gold.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

UBS’s Foray into India: Expert Insights, Market Reactions, and Future Predictions

Industry experts have long acknowledged

India’s potential

as a major economic powerhouse. With a growing middle class, a large domestic market, and a business-friendly environment, India has been attracting global investors for decades. Recently, UBS, the Swiss global financial services company, announced its plans to set up a captive insurance unit in India, joining a growing list of international companies

venturing into the Indian market

. According to Harshvardhan Lunia, Partner at GREE Ventures, “UBS’s move is a testament to India’s growing appeal as an investment destination. The country’s stable political environment, skilled workforce, and favorable business policies make it an attractive option for global companies looking to expand their footprint.”

The news of UBS’s entry into India sent

waves of excitement

through the financial community, with many analysts predicting a positive impact on the market. “UBS’s entry into India is a significant development,” said Rahul Singh, Head of Research at JM Financial Institutional Securities Ltd.. “This move could lead to increased foreign investment, job creation, and a boost to the Indian economy.”

As for

future predictions

, some experts believe that UBS’s entry into India is just the beginning of a larger trend. According to Sanjay Nayar, CEO of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. in India, “The Indian market is becoming increasingly competitive, and international players are looking for ways to gain a foothold. We can expect to see more such announcements in the coming months.”

For investors

, the news of UBS’s entry into India presents an opportunity to tap into a growing market. According to Morgan Stanley, India’s economy is projected to grow at a 7.5% CAGR between 2021 and 2026, making it one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. As such, investing in Indian stocks could be a wise move for those looking to diversify their portfolio and capitalize on India’s growth potential.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

V Conclusion: A New Era of Wealth Management in India

In the ever-evolving world of finance, India is making significant strides in wealth management. The Indian financial sector has witnessed remarkable growth and transformation over the last decade, driven by various factors including a growing middle class, increasing disposable income, and a liberalized economy. The

new era

of wealth management in India is characterized by a shift towards digital platforms, increased focus on personalized services, and a growing demand for sustainable and impact investing.

Digital Transformation

The digital revolution has transformed the way Indians manage their wealth. With increasing internet penetration and smartphone usage, online platforms have gained popularity for managing investments, paying taxes, and even opening bank accounts. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the regulatory body for the securities market in India, has also taken steps to encourage digital investments, such as introducing a simplified Know Your Customer (KYC) process and allowing investment through Unified Payments Interface (UPI).

Personalized Services

As wealth management becomes more accessible, clients are increasingly demanding personalized services. Wealth managers in India are responding by offering tailored investment solutions based on individual risk profiles, financial goals, and lifestyle preferences. The use of advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms enables wealth managers to provide customized recommendations and proactive advice.

Sustainable and Impact Investing

The Indian wealth management industry is also witnessing a growing trend towards sustainable and impact investing. With increasing awareness about the need to protect the environment and contribute to social causes, investors are looking for opportunities that align with their values. Wealth managers in India are responding by offering investment products focused on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria. These investments not only offer financial returns but also provide the satisfaction of making a positive impact on society and the environment.

Challenges Ahead

Despite these promising developments, the Indian wealth management industry faces several challenges. These include regulatory hurdles, a lack of transparency and trust, and the need for greater financial literacy among investors. However, with a proactive regulatory environment, increased focus on customer education, and continued innovation in digital platforms and personalized services, the future of wealth management in India looks bright.

1. UBS Enters Indian Market: A New Wealth Management Partnership - What Does It Mean For Investors?

Recap and Significance of UBS’s Entry into the Indian Market

In recent financial news, United Bank of Switzerland (UBS), a leading global wealth manager, announced its entry into the Indian market. This strategic move marks an essential milestone for both UBS and India’s rapidly growing financial sector.

Key Points from the Article:

  • UBS to open its first wealth management office in Mumbai, with plans to hire around 100 employees.
  • India is seen as a promising market due to its expanding middle class and increasing wealth.
  • UBS aims to cater to high net worth individuals (HNWIs) and families, providing personalized investment solutions.

Significance for Investors:

UBS’s entry into the Indian market is a significant development for investors for several reasons. Firstly, India represents an untapped potential with its growing economy and expanding middle class, offering new investment opportunities. Secondly, UBS’s presence in the market signifies a vote of confidence from a global leader in wealth management.

Potential Outcomes:

  • Enhanced competition in the Indian wealth management sector, driving innovation and better services for clients.
  • Increased visibility and global recognition for India as a prime investment destination.

Future of Wealth Management in India with UBS:

As we look forward, UBS’s entry into the Indian market sets the stage for a more competitive and sophisticated wealth management landscape. With its expertise in catering to HNWIs, UBS is poised to redefine the Indian wealth management sector.

Closing Thoughts:

The entry of UBS into the Indian market is an exciting development for investors and the financial sector as a whole. This move underscores India’s potential as a prime investment destination, offering numerous opportunities for both local and global investors. As UBS establishes its presence in the Indian market, we can expect a more competitive, innovative, and high-quality wealth management sector that caters to the needs of India’s growing HNWI population.

Quick Read

September 27, 2024